{"id":1890,"date":"2025-10-06T20:49:49","date_gmt":"2025-10-06T13:49:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/?p=1890"},"modified":"2026-01-19T22:48:54","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T15:48:54","slug":"tim-hieu-virus-may-tinh-cac-loai-co-che-hoat-dong-va-bien-phap-bao-ve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/tim-hieu-virus-may-tinh-cac-loai-co-che-hoat-dong-va-bien-phap-bao-ve\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh: C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y sang m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f4i khi \u00e2m th\u1ea7m x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 hay bi\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng: t\u1eeb m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1, khi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 Internet, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n, n\u1eafm c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng virus kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh: t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u00e2y lan, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nguy c\u01a1 v\u1eeba bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"265\" src=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/virus-may-tinh-la-gi.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh: C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7\" class=\"wp-image-1912\" style=\"width:805px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/virus-may-tinh-la-gi.jpg 500w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/virus-may-tinh-la-gi-300x159.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c file ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e2y lan t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y sang m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a virus so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1edf file, ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hay nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9n m\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c file h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i virus, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i malware kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Worm<\/strong>: L\u00e0m l\u00e2y lan \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp qua m\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Trojan<\/strong>: Ng\u1ee5y trang th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee9a m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c, khi ch\u1ea1y s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c m\u1edf c\u1eeda h\u1eadu cho hacker.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ransomware<\/strong>: M\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, virus kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1ch l\u00e2y lan ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i malware kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi nguy hi\u1ec3m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"520\" src=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/tac-hai-cua-virus-may-tinh.webp\" alt=\"Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" class=\"wp-image-1914\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/tac-hai-cua-virus-may-tinh.webp 780w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/tac-hai-cua-virus-may-tinh-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/tac-hai-cua-virus-may-tinh-768x512.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a virus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y lan (how it spreads)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>File \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m email<\/strong>: file \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111i k\u00e8m email (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 .doc, .exe) \u2014 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edf l\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>USB \/ \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i<\/strong>: copy file nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef; khi c\u1eafm v\u00e0o m\u00e1y kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u1edf file, virus l\u00e2y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \/ Internet<\/strong>: t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, share folder, ho\u1eb7c download t\u1eeb trang\/\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t (how it gets executed)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: m\u1edf file, ch\u1ea1y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, b\u1eadt macro trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/strong>: m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 (nh\u01b0 worms) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n click c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng m\u1edf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 H\u00e0nh vi sau khi th\u1ef1c thi (what it does once active)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>T\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n<\/strong>: ch\u00e8n b\u1ea3n sao v\u00e0o file ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2y sang h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/strong>: d\u00f9ng exploit \u0111\u1ec3 leo quy\u1ec1n (privilege escalation) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea1y m\u00e3 t\u1eeb xa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ng\u1ee5y trang\/\u1ea9n m\u00ecnh<\/strong>: thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean file, che d\u1ea5u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ph\u1ea7n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh AV.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n payload<\/strong>: x\u00f3a file, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (ransomware), \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp th\u00f4ng tin, m\u1edf c\u1eeda h\u1eadu (backdoor) cho k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4. Chu\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh vi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh (simple attack flow)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 1. Attacker g\u1eedi email k\u00e8m file \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i<br>\u2192 2. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edf file (k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t) <br>\u2192 3. Virus ch\u1ea1y, t\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<br>\u2192 4. Virus t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u <br>\u2192 5. Payload \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \/ \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><\/ol>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus.jpg\" alt=\"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a virus\" class=\"wp-image-1916\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus.jpg 640w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i virus ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 Virus file (File infectors)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch l\u00e2y lan:<\/strong> G\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c file th\u1ef1c thi (.exe, .bat) v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edf file.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng file, thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c file h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i virus c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00ec d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan qua email, USB, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb Internet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Macro virus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch l\u00e2y lan:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Office (.doc, .xls, .ppt) v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi macro khi file \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> G\u00e2y m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> Macro virus nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Office, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 Boot sector virus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch l\u00e2y lan:<\/strong> T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng (boot sector) c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c USB.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Virus kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y ngay khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1eadt, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 boot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> Kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c format \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 Polymorphic virus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch l\u00e2y lan:<\/strong> Thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m antivirus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb x\u00f3a file, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1edf backdoor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i virus ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft:<\/strong> M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i virus c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u00e2y lan v\u00e0 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb file, macro, boot sector \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"860\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus-2.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i virus ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn\" class=\"wp-image-1918\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus-2.png 860w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus-2-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus-2-768x522.png 768w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/nguyen-nhan-khien-may-tinh-cua-ban-bi-nhiem-virus-2-250x170.png 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 860px) 100vw, 860px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a virus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra <strong>h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/strong> \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1eeb c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn doanh nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>X\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong> Virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y file, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n (ransomware).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e1nh c\u1eafp th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> Bao g\u1ed3m m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i thao t\u00e1c b\u00e0n ph\u00edm (keylogger) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/strong> M\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ea1y ch\u1eadm, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean treo ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng:<\/strong> Virus chi\u1ebfm t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean CPU, RAM, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>G\u00e2y treo ho\u1eb7c crash:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 virus can thi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p:<\/strong> Virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c file ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>M\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong> Virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i cao:<\/strong> Doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>R\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn:<\/strong> L\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng danh ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ILOVEYOU (2000):<\/strong> Virus l\u00e2y lan qua email, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 USD tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>WannaCry (2017):<\/strong> Ransomware t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ed9c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 NHS (Anh).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, virus kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam t\u00fac h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng virus.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf virus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 virus th\u00f4i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 <strong>bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/strong> ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u00ecnh s\u1ebd chia th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m antivirus uy t\u00edn<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Windows Defender, Malwarebytes, Kaspersky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00fd do:<\/strong> Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf virus tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi file v\u00e0 email l\u1ea1<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng m\u1edf file \u0111\u00ednh k\u00e8m ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o link t\u1eeb email kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00fd do:<\/strong> Virus th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y lan th\u00f4ng qua file v\u00e0 link \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i; s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt Windows, macOS, Linux, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00fd do:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u virus khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt; c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt gi\u00fap v\u00e1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng firewall v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng (network monitoring)<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ch\u1eb7n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00fd do:<\/strong> Gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n virus l\u00e2y lan qua m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c Internet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Backup d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean server ho\u1eb7c cloud.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00fd do:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m virus, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eabn an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n email\/ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc an to\u00e0n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00fd do:<\/strong> Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt; nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t gi\u00fap ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh virus hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"928\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/web-scripting-virus.png\" alt=\"Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf virus\" class=\"wp-image-1920\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/web-scripting-virus.png 928w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/web-scripting-virus-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/web-scripting-virus-768x414.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 928px) 100vw, 928px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean PC truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n lan r\u1ed9ng sang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng, IoT v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mobile virus<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng:<\/strong> Android, iOS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch l\u00e2y lan:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng qua c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o, file APK ngo\u00e0i kho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c link t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb website kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, tin nh\u1eafn, th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng; \u0111\u00f4i khi bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh botnet th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb xa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IoT devices (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng minh)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng:<\/strong> Camera, smart TV, smart home devices.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch l\u00e2y lan:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong firmware, m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c giao th\u1ee9c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eeb xa, tham gia botnet, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ransomware ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> M\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ed9c tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i:<\/strong> C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, server cloud, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 backup d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00ecn chung, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n m\u1ea1ng. Virus hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tinh vi, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u1eabn uy t\u00edn. Ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan qua nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb file, macro, boot sector cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 tinh vi nh\u01b0 polymorphic virus. T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n doanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt ILOVEYOU hay WannaCry \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay, virus c\u00f2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng, IoT v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cloud, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n, th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1] F. Cohen, <em>Computer Viruses: Theory and Experiments<\/em>, Computers &amp; Security, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 22\u201335, 1987.<br>[2] P. Szor, <em>The Art of Computer Virus Research and Defense<\/em>, 2nd ed., Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley, 2005.<br>[3] S. Skoudis and L. Zeltser, <em>Malware: Fighting Malicious Code<\/em>, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2003.<br>[4] R. Lemos, &#8220;ILOVEYOU Virus: The World\u2019s Most Destructive Virus,&#8221; <em>SecurityFocus<\/em>, 2000. [Online]. Available: <a>https:\/\/www.securityfocus.com\/news\/40<\/a><br>[5] N. Greenberg, &#8220;WannaCry Ransomware Attack: What Happened and Lessons Learned,&#8221; <em>Wired<\/em>, 2017. [Online]. Available: <a>https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/wannacry-ransomware-attack\/<\/a><br>[6] E. Casey, <em>Digital Evidence and Computer Crime: Forensic Science, Computers and the Internet<\/em>, 3rd ed., Burlington, MA: Elsevier, 2011.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Virus m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y sang m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f4i khi \u00e2m th\u1ea7m x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 hay bi\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng: t\u1eeb m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1910,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowieHDDA:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-may-tinh-phan-mem","category-an-toan-thong-tin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1890"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3152,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1890\/revisions\/3152"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1910"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}