{"id":1449,"date":"2025-09-27T00:23:09","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T17:23:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/?p=1449"},"modified":"2026-03-25T13:30:47","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T06:30:47","slug":"toan-tu-trong-python-huong-dan-toan-dien-tu-co-ban-den-nang-cao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/toan-tu-trong-python-huong-dan-toan-dien-tu-co-ban-den-nang-cao\/","title":{"rendered":"To\u00e1n t\u1eed trong Python: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2ng cao"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o, to\u00e1n t\u1eed (operator) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. V\u1edbi Python, to\u00e1n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00f3i g\u1ecdn trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng, tr\u1eeb, nh\u00e2n, chia, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c: so s\u00e1nh, g\u00e1n, logic, ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp (operator overloading).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n t\u1eed trong Python, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e2ng cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh. Qua \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft code Python ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n t\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To\u00e1n t\u1eed l\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c to\u00e1n h\u1ea1ng (operands). M\u1ed9t to\u00e1n h\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1, chu\u1ed7i, list, bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>a = 10\nb = 3\nprint(a + b)   # 13\nprint(a > b)   # True<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">b <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 13<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c <code>a + b<\/code>, <code>+<\/code> l\u00e0 to\u00e1n t\u1eed, c\u00f2n <code>a<\/code> v\u00e0 <code>b<\/code> l\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i to\u00e1n t\u1eed trong Python<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1. To\u00e1n t\u1eed s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc (Arithmetic Operators)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>+<\/code> : c\u1ed9ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-<\/code> : tr\u1eeb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>*<\/code> : nh\u00e2n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/<\/code> : chia (tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 float)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>%<\/code> : chia l\u1ea5y d\u01b0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>**<\/code> : l\u0169y th\u1eeba<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/\/<\/code> : chia l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>print(10 \/ 3)   # 3.333...\nprint(10 \/\/ 3)  # 3\nprint(2 ** 5)   # 32<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 3.333...<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">\/\/<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">**<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 32<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> ph\u00e9p chia cho 0 s\u1ebd sinh l\u1ed7i <code>ZeroDivisionError<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2. To\u00e1n t\u1eed so s\u00e1nh (Comparison Operators)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c to\u00e1n t\u1eed: <code>==<\/code>, <code>!=<\/code>, <code>&lt;<\/code>, <code>&gt;<\/code>, <code>&lt;=<\/code>, <code>&gt;=<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>print(5 == 5)   # True\nprint(5 != 3)   # True\nprint(\"abc\" &lt; \"abd\")  # True (so s\u00e1nh theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 Unicode)\n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">abc<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&lt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">abd<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True (so s\u00e1nh theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 Unicode)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>print(1 == 1.0)   # True\nprint(1 is 1.0)   # False<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1.0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># False<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec <code>==<\/code> so s\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00f2n <code>is<\/code> so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3. To\u00e1n t\u1eed g\u00e1n (Assignment Operators)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i <code>=<\/code>, Python h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 g\u00e1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>+=<\/code>, <code>-=<\/code>, <code>*=<\/code>, <code>\/=<\/code>, <code>\/\/=<\/code>, <code>**=<\/code>, <code>%=<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>&amp;=<\/code>, <code>|=<\/code>, <code>^=<\/code>, <code>&gt;&gt;=<\/code>, <code>&lt;&lt;=<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>x = 5\nx += 3   # t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng x = x + 3\nprint(x)  # 8<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">+=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng x = x + 3<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 8<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u26a0\ufe0f L\u01b0u \u00fd: khi g\u00e1n bi\u1ebfn tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i (mutable), c\u1ea3 hai bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4. To\u00e1n t\u1eed logic (Logical Operators)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python c\u00f3 3 to\u00e1n t\u1eed logic: <code>and<\/code>, <code>or<\/code>, <code>not<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>a = True\nb = False\nprint(a and b)  # False\nprint(a or b)   # True\nprint(not a)    # False<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">b <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">False<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># False<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">or<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">not<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># False<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Short-circuit evaluation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>x and y<\/code> tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 <code>y<\/code> n\u1ebfu <code>x<\/code> l\u00e0 True, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 <code>x<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>x or y<\/code> tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 <code>x<\/code> n\u1ebfu <code>x<\/code> l\u00e0 True, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 <code>y<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>print(0 and 5)  # 0\nprint(0 or 5)   # 5<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 0<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">or<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 5<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.5. To\u00e1n t\u1eed bitwise (Bitwise Operators)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>&amp;<\/code> (AND)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>|<\/code> (OR)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>^<\/code> (XOR)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>~<\/code> (NOT)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>&lt;&lt;<\/code> (d\u1ecbch tr\u00e1i)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>&gt;&gt;<\/code> (d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>a = 6   # 110\nb = 3   # 011\nprint(a &amp; b)  # 2 (010)\nprint(a | b)  # 7 (111)\nprint(a ^ b)  # 5 (101)<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">6<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 110<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">b <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 011<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 2 (010)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">|<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 7 (111)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">^<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 5 (101)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1edd (flags), n\u00e9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.6. To\u00e1n t\u1eed th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean (Membership Operators)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>in<\/code>, <code>not in<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>numbers = &#91;1, 2, 3&#93;\nprint(2 in numbers)     # True\nprint(5 not in numbers) # True<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">numbers <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> numbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">     <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">not<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> numbers<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u26a0\ufe0f V\u1edbi dictionary: <code>in<\/code> ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ec3m tra key.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>d = {\"a\": 1, \"b\": 2}\nprint(\"a\" in d)    # True\nprint(1 in d)      # False<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">d <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">a<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> d<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> d<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">      <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># False<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.7. To\u00e1n t\u1eed nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng (Identity Operators)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>is<\/code>, <code>is not<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>x = &#91;1, 2, 3&#93;\ny = x\nz = &#91;1, 2, 3&#93;\n\nprint(x is y)   # True (c\u00f9ng tham chi\u1ebfu)\nprint(x is z)   # False (kh\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb)\nprint(x == z)   # True (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nhau)<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">y <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> x<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">z <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True (c\u00f9ng tham chi\u1ebfu)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> z<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># False (kh\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> z<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng nhau)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u26a0\ufe0f L\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: d\u00f9ng <code>is<\/code> thay <code>==<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.8. To\u00e1n t\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t &amp; Overloading<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Python cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i to\u00e1n t\u1eed trong class.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>class Vector:\n    def __init__(self, x, y):\n        self.x = x\n        self.y = y\n    \n    def __add__(self, other):\n        return Vector(self.x + other.x, self.y + other.y)\n    \n    def __str__(self):\n        return f\"({self.x}, {self.y})\"\n\nv1 = Vector(1, 2)\nv2 = Vector(3, 4)\nprint(v1 + v2)   # (4, 6)\n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">class<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #8FBCBB\">Vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">__init__<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> x<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">y <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> y<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">__add__<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9\">other<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">Vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> other<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">y <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> other<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">__str__<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">f<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">&quot;(<\/span><span style=\"color: #EBCB8B\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x<\/span><span style=\"color: #EBCB8B\">}<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">, <\/span><span style=\"color: #EBCB8B\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">self<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">.<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">y<\/span><span style=\"color: #EBCB8B\">}<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">)&quot;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">v1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">Vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">v2 <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">Vector<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">v1 <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> v2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># (4, 6)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng: x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng class tr\u1ef1c quan, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean to\u00e1n t\u1eed (Operator Precedence)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy t\u1eafc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>()<\/code> lu\u00f4n cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>**<\/code> (l\u0169y th\u1eeba).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>*<\/code>, <code>\/<\/code>, <code>\/\/<\/code>, <code>%<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>+<\/code>, <code>-<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ecbch bit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To\u00e1n t\u1eed so s\u00e1nh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To\u00e1n t\u1eed logic <code>not<\/code>, <code>and<\/code>, <code>or<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>print(2 + 3 * 4)       # 14\nprint((2 + 3) * 4)     # 20<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">       <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 14<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">((<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">+<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">*<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">     <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># 20<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng ngo\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nh\u1ea7m <strong><code>is<\/code> <\/strong>v\u00e0 <strong><code>==<\/code>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>print(&#91;1,2&#93; is &#91;1,2&#93;)  # False\nprint(&#91;1,2&#93; == &#91;1,2&#93;)  # True<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># False<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">   2. Chia cho <strong>0<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">   3. D\u00f9ng <code><strong>\/<\/strong><\/code> thay v\u00ec <code><strong>\/\/<\/strong><\/code> \u2192 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 float kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">   4. So s\u00e1nh sai ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>print(\"5\" > 3)   # TypeError<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">   <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># TypeError<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">   5. D\u00f9ng to\u00e1n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>if (age > 18 and city == \"Hanoi\") or is_admin:\n    print(\"Access granted\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">18<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> city <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Hanoi<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">or<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> is_admin<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Access granted<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong list\/dict:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>if \"python\" in skills:\n    print(\"Candidate fits the job\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">python<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> skills<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Candidate fits the job<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bitwise trong b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>FLAG_READ = 0b001\nFLAG_WRITE = 0b010\npermission = FLAG_READ | FLAG_WRITE\nprint(permission &amp; FLAG_WRITE != 0)  # True<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">FLAG_READ <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">0b<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">001<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">FLAG_WRITE <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">0b<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">010<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">permission <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> FLAG_READ <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">|<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> FLAG_WRITE<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">permission <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&amp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> FLAG_WRITE <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #616E88\"># True<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Overloading cho class: tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u vector, ma tr\u1eadn, ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To\u00e1n t\u1eed l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong Python, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t <code>is<\/code> vs <code>==<\/code>, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 short-circuit, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bitwise, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng operator overloading trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi Python l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng to\u00e1n t\u1eed \u0111\u00fang, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft code ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Python Software Foundation. (2024). <em>operator \u2014 Standard operators as functions<\/em>. In <em>Python 3.12.6 documentation<\/em>. Retrieved from <a>https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/operator.html<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Real Python. (n.d.). <em>Operators in Python<\/em>. Retrieved September 26, 2025, from <a>https:\/\/realpython.com<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>W3Schools. (n.d.). <em>Python Operators<\/em>. Retrieved September 26, 2025, from <a>https:\/\/www.w3schools.com\/python\/python_operators.asp<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Python for Professionals: Learning Python as a Second Language: <a href=\"https:\/\/click.linksynergy.com\/link?id=*C\/UgjGtUZ8&amp;offerid=1562891.3721710002222624882405978&amp;type=15&amp;murl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kobo.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Febook%2Fpython-for-professionals-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.kobo.com\/us\/en\/ebook\/python-for-professionals-3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Python: Deeper Insights into Machine Learning: <a href=\"https:\/\/click.linksynergy.com\/link?id=*C\/UgjGtUZ8&amp;offerid=1562891.3721710015810095319857183&amp;type=15&amp;murl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kobo.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Febook%2Fpython-deeper-insights-into-machine-learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.kobo.com\/us\/en\/ebook\/python-deeper-insights-into-machine-learning<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DataFusion Python Bindings in Practice: The Complete Guide for Developers and Engineers: <a href=\"https:\/\/click.linksynergy.com\/link?id=*C\/UgjGtUZ8&amp;offerid=1562891.3721710049093362364820452&amp;type=15&amp;murl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kobo.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Febook%2Fdatafusion-python-bindings-in-practice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.kobo.com\/us\/en\/ebook\/datafusion-python-bindings-in-practice<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To\u00e1n t\u1eed l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong Python, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng logic ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t is vs ==, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 short-circuit, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bitwise, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng operator overloading trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowieHDDA:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[40],"class_list":["post-1449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc-lap-trinh","tag-python-co-ban"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1449","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1449"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1449\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3770,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1449\/revisions\/3770"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}