{"id":3780,"date":"2025-09-27T10:12:46","date_gmt":"2025-09-27T03:12:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/understanding-the-if-statement-in-python-from-basic-to-advanced\/"},"modified":"2026-03-25T14:06:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-25T07:06:45","slug":"understanding-the-if-statement-in-python-from-basic-to-advanced","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/understanding-the-if-statement-in-python-from-basic-to-advanced\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding the if Statement in Python: From Basic to Advanced"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In programming, making decisions based on conditions is one of the core skills. We can easily relate this to everyday life: \u201cIf it rains, bring an umbrella; if it\u2019s sunny, wear sunglasses.\u201d This is the basic idea behind conditional statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Python &#8211; a language well known for its simplicity and readability &#8211; the <code>if<\/code> statement plays an extremely important role. It is not only the starting point for controlling program flow but also the foundation for building more complex algorithms. Whether you are writing a small program to calculate scores or a large system such as an e-commerce platform, you will certainly need to use <code>if<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This article will help you clearly understand the nature, usage, variations, and important notes of the <code>if<\/code> statement in Python. In addition, I will share some practical examples so you can easily apply them to your exercises or projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Concept of the if Statement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <code>if<\/code> statement in Python is used to evaluate a condition. If the condition is True, the program executes the associated block of code; if it is False, the program skips that block.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Basic syntax:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>if \u0111i\u1ec1u_ki\u1ec7n:\n    kh\u1ed1i_l\u1ec7nh<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> \u0111i\u1ec1u_ki\u1ec7n<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    kh\u1ed1i_l\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>condition<\/code>: an expression that returns either <code>True<\/code> or <code>False<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>block_of_code<\/code>: the statements that will be executed if the condition is True.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Simple example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>x = 10\nif x > 5:\n    print(\"x l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">x l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>x l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x l\u1edbn h\u01a1n <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If <code>x<\/code> is not greater than 5, the program will not print anything.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Types of if Statements in Python<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 Simple if Statement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is the most basic form, used when you only need to check a single condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>age = 20\nif age >= 18:\n    print(\"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe\")\n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">20<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">18<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When <code>age = 20<\/code>, the condition <code>age >= 18<\/code> is True, so the message is printed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 if\u2026else Statement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Used when you need an alternative action if the condition is False.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>age = 16\nif age >= 18:\n    print(\"B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe\")\nelse:\n    print(\"B\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">16<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">18<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">B\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 tu\u1ed5i<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When <code>age = 16<\/code>, the condition is False \u2192 the result is \u201cYou are not old enough.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 if\u2026elif\u2026else Statement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Used when you need to check multiple conditions in sequence. Python evaluates them from top to bottom: if a condition is True, it executes the corresponding block and skips the rest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>score = 85\n\nif score >= 90:\n    print(\"H\u1ea1ng A\")\nelif score >= 75:\n    print(\"H\u1ea1ng B\")\nelif score >= 60:\n    print(\"H\u1ea1ng C\")\nelse:\n    print(\"H\u1ea1ng D\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">score <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">85<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> score <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">90<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">H\u1ea1ng A<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">elif<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> score <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">75<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">H\u1ea1ng B<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">elif<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> score <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">60<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">H\u1ea1ng C<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">H\u1ea1ng D<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With <code>score = 85<\/code>, the result is \u201cGrade B.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4 Nested if Statement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can place an <code>if<\/code> statement inside another <code>if<\/code> statement to check multiple layers of conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>year = 2024\nif year % 4 == 0:\n    if year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0:\n        print(\"N\u0103m nhu\u1eadn\")\n    else:\n        print(\"Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u0103m nhu\u1eadn\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u0103m nhu\u1eadn\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">year <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2024<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> year <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">4<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> year <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">100<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">!=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">or<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> year <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">%<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">400<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">N\u0103m nhu\u1eadn<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">        <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u0103m nhu\u1eadn<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">else<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u0103m nhu\u1eadn<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Common Operators and Expressions Used in if<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When writing conditions, you often need operators to compare or combine values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 Comparison Operators<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>==<\/code>: equal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>!=<\/code>: not equal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>&lt;<\/code>, <code>&gt;<\/code>, <code>&lt;=<\/code>, <code>&gt;=<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>x = 10\nif x == 10:\n    print(\"x b\u1eb1ng 10\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">10<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">x b\u1eb1ng 10<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Logical Operators<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>and<\/code>: both conditions must be True.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>or<\/code>: at least one condition is True.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>not<\/code>: negates the condition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>age = 20\nhas_license = True\n\nif age >= 18 and has_license:\n    print(\"B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">20<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">has_license <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">18<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">and<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> has_license<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 Membership Operators<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>in<\/code>, <code>not in<\/code> : check whether an element exists in a string, list, set, etc&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>fruits = &#91;\"apple\", \"banana\", \"cherry\"&#93;\nif \"banana\" in fruits:\n    print(\"C\u00f3 chu\u1ed1i trong gi\u1ecf\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">fruits <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">apple<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">banana<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">cherry<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">banana<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> fruits<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">C\u00f3 chu\u1ed1i trong gi\u1ecf<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 Identity Operators<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>is<\/code>, <code>is not<\/code> : check whether two variables reference the same object.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>a = &#91;1, 2, 3&#93;\nb = a\nif a is b:\n    print(\"a v\u00e0 b c\u00f9ng tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t list\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">1<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">2<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">3<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">b <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> a<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> a <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> b<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">a v\u00e0 b c\u00f9ng tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t list<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Checking Conditions with Different Data Types<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Python, conditions in an <code>if<\/code> statement are not limited to numbers; they can also be applied to many other data types. This gives programmers more flexibility in handling various situations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 With Numbers (int, float)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conditions commonly use comparison operators to compare numeric values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>x = 10\nif x > 5:\n    print(\"x is greater than 5\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">10<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> x <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">x is greater than 5<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2. With Strings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can directly compare strings or check for a character\/substring using the <code>in<\/code> operator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>name = \"Alice\"\nif name == \"Alice\":\n    print(\"Hello, Alice!\")\n\nif \"A\" in name:\n    print(\"The name contains the letter A\")\n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">name <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Alice<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> name <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">==<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Alice<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Hello, Alice!<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">A<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">The name contains the letter A<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3 With Lists, Tuples, and Sets<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can check the length or see whether an element exists in the collection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>fruits = &#91;\"apple\", \"banana\", \"cherry\"&#93;\n\nif len(fruits) > 0:\n    print(\"The basket is not empty\")\n\nif \"banana\" in fruits:\n    print(\"Banana is in the basket\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">fruits <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">apple<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">banana<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">cherry<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">len<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">fruits<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">0<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">The basket is not empty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">banana<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> fruits<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Banana is in the basket<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.4 With Dictionaries<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can check for keys or values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>student = {\"name\": \"Minh\", \"age\": 20}\n\nif \"name\" in student:\n    print(\"The dictionary contains a name key\")\n\nif student&#91;\"age\"&#93; >= 18:\n    print(\"The student is an adult\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">student <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">{<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Minh<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">,<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">age<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">20<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">}<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">name<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">in<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> student<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">The dictionary contains a name key<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> student<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#91;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">age<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&#93;<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&gt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">18<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">The student is an adult<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.5 With Boolean Type<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Use <code>True<\/code> or <code>False<\/code> directly in the condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>is_logged_in = True\n\nif is_logged_in:\n    print(\"The user is logged in\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">is_logged_in <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">True<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> is_logged_in<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">The user is logged in<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.6 With Empty Values or None<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In Python, values such as <code>0<\/code>, <code>\"\"<\/code> (empty string), <code>[]<\/code> (empty list), <code>{}<\/code> (empty dictionary), and <code>None<\/code> are all considered <code>False<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>data = []\nif not data:\n    print(\"The list is empty\")\n\nvalue = None\nif value is None:\n    print(\"The value is None\")\n<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">data <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">[]<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">not<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> data<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">The list is empty<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">value <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">None<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> value <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">is<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">None<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">The value is None<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Notes When Using if<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Indentation<\/strong>: Python does not use curly braces <code>{}<\/code> like many other languages; it relies entirely on indentation, usually 4 spaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>if True:\n    print(\"True\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">True<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">True<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Limit excessive nesting<\/strong>: Use <code>elif<\/code> instead of deeply nested <code>if<\/code> statements when checking multiple conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:block;padding:16px 0 0 16px;margin-bottom:-1px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#2e3440ff\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"54\" height=\"14\" viewBox=\"0 0 54 14\"><g fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\" transform=\"translate(1 1)\"><circle cx=\"6\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FF5F56\" stroke=\"#E0443E\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"26\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#FFBD2E\" stroke=\"#DEA123\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"46\" cy=\"6\" r=\"6\" fill=\"#27C93F\" stroke=\"#1AAB29\" stroke-width=\".5\"><\/circle><\/g><\/svg><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" style=\"color:#d8dee9ff;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><pre class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-pre\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><textarea class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button-textarea\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" readonly>if 18 &lt;= age &lt;= 60:\n    print(\"Working age\")<\/textarea><\/pre><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki nord\" style=\"background-color: #2e3440ff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">if<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">18<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> age <\/span><span style=\"color: #81A1C1\">&lt;=<\/span><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #B48EAD\">60<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">:<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D8DEE9FF\">    <\/span><span style=\"color: #88C0D0\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #A3BE8C\">Working age<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #ECEFF4\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keep conditions readable<\/strong>: Avoid writing overly long or complex expressions. If necessary, break them into helper variables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <code>if<\/code> statement in Python is a basic yet extremely powerful tool for controlling the flow of a program. It allows you to make decisions, handle different situations, and serves as the foundation for more complex control structures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mastering the use of <code>if<\/code> &#8211; from basic to advanced &#8211; will help you program more effectively in Python. Practice extensively with real-life examples, from checking leap years and calculating ticket prices to creating small games. Over time, you will see that <code>if<\/code> appears everywhere in programming projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Python Software Foundation. (2023). <em>The Python tutorial: 4. More control flow tools<\/em>. Python.org. <a>https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/tutorial\/controlflow.html<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>W3Schools. (2023). <em>Python if&#8230;else<\/em>. W3Schools. <a>https:\/\/www.w3schools.com\/python\/python_conditions.asp<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Real Python. (2023). <em>Conditional statements in Python<\/em>. RealPython. <a>https:\/\/realpython.com\/python-conditional-statements\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Python for Professionals: Learning Python as a Second Language: <a href=\"https:\/\/click.linksynergy.com\/link?id=*C\/UgjGtUZ8&amp;offerid=1562891.3721710002222624882405978&amp;type=15&amp;murl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kobo.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Febook%2Fpython-for-professionals-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.kobo.com\/us\/en\/ebook\/python-for-professionals-3<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Python: Deeper Insights into Machine Learning: <a href=\"https:\/\/click.linksynergy.com\/link?id=*C\/UgjGtUZ8&amp;offerid=1562891.3721710015810095319857183&amp;type=15&amp;murl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kobo.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Febook%2Fpython-deeper-insights-into-machine-learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.kobo.com\/us\/en\/ebook\/python-deeper-insights-into-machine-learning<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DataFusion Python Bindings in Practice: The Complete Guide for Developers and Engineers: <a href=\"https:\/\/click.linksynergy.com\/link?id=*C\/UgjGtUZ8&amp;offerid=1562891.3721710049093362364820452&amp;type=15&amp;murl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kobo.com%2Fus%2Fen%2Febook%2Fdatafusion-python-bindings-in-practice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.kobo.com\/us\/en\/ebook\/datafusion-python-bindings-in-practice<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The `if` statement in Python is a fundamental yet powerful tool for controlling the flow of a program. It allows you to make decisions, handle different situations, and serves as the foundation for more complex control structures.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3779,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowieHDDA:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[64],"class_list":["post-3780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programming-knowledge","tag-basic-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3780","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3780"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3780\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3782,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3780\/revisions\/3782"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kienthucmo.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}